using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Collections;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;

namespace BCMToolbox
{

    #region Network
    public class SynchronousBCMNetwork : FixedTraceableNetwork
    {
        
        protected Func<double, double> __activation = null;
        protected Func<double, double> __activationDerivative = null;
        protected int __neuronCount = 0;
        protected double __slidingThreshold = 0.0;

        double __inertia = 0.8;
        double[] __intermediaryPotentials = null;
        double[,] __potentialsQueues = null;
        double[] __memoryRegression = null;

  
        internal SynchronousBCMNetwork(int neuronCount, Func<double, double> newThreshold, Func<double, double> newThresholdDerivative, int newID)
            : base(neuronCount, newID)
        {
            __activation = newThreshold;
            __activationDerivative = newThresholdDerivative;
            __neuronCount = neuronCount;
            __intermediaryPotentials = new double[neuronCount];



            // setup the memory trace function memoizer
            __memoryRegression = new double[] { 1, 0.90483741803596, 0.818730753077982, 0.740818220681718, 0.670320046035639, 0.606530659712633, 0.548811636094027, 0.49658530379141, 0.449328964117222, 0.406569659740599, 0.367879441171442, 0.33287108369808, 0.301194211912202, 0.272531793034013, 0.246596963941606, 0.22313016014843, 0.201896517994655, 0.182683524052735, 0.165298888221587, 0.149568619222635 };
            __slidingThreshold = 9.08618386468457;
            //__slidingThreshold = 9;

            /*
            int memoryRegressionDepth = 0;
            for (memoryRegressionDepth = 0; memoryRegressionDepth > -100; memoryRegressionDepth--)
                if (memoryFunction(memoryRegressionDepth) < MEMORY_REGRESSION_THRESHOLD)
                    break;

            __memoryRegression = new double[-memoryRegressionDepth];
            for (int i = 0; i > memoryRegressionDepth; i--)
                __memoryRegression[-i] = memoryFunction(i); */

            // setup the queues
            __potentialsQueues = new double[__neuronCount, __memoryRegression.Length];
        }

        public override string Identification
        {
            get
            {
                return String.Format("Vanilla BCM #{0}", this.UID);
            }
        }

        

       

        public double Inertia
        {
            get
            {
                return __inertia;
            }

            set
            {
                __inertia = value;
            }
        }


        

        #region Applying inputs and propagation
       

        public override void ApplyInputs(double[] newInputs)
        {
            lock (SyncRoot)
            {
                if (newInputs == null)
                    throw new ArgumentNullException();

                if (newInputs.Length != __neuronCount)
                    throw new ArgumentException("Invalid input size. Expected: ", __neuronCount.ToString());

                for (int i = 0; i < __neuronCount; i++)
                    __potentials[i] += newInputs[i];
            }

            base.ApplyInputs(newInputs);
        }


        
        public override void Propagate()
        {
            // calculate intermediary potentials
            for (int i = 0; i < __neuronCount; i++)
            {
                __intermediaryPotentials[i] = 0.0;
                for (int j = 0; j < __neuronCount; j++)
                    if ((i != j) && !double.IsNaN(__weights[j, i]))
                       __intermediaryPotentials[i] += __weights[j, i] * __potentials[j];
                    

                
                __intermediaryPotentials[i] = __activation(__intermediaryPotentials[i]);
                System.Diagnostics.Debug.Assert(!double.IsNaN(__intermediaryPotentials[i]));
                System.Diagnostics.Debug.Assert(!double.IsInfinity(__intermediaryPotentials[i]));
            }

            lock (SyncRoot)
            {
                // update weights
                int queueIdx = Ticks % __memoryRegression.Length;
                for (int i = 0; i < __neuronCount; i++)
                {
                    // determine output threshold
                    double outputThreshold = 0.0;
                    double last = __intermediaryPotentials[i];
                    for (int j = 0; j < __memoryRegression.Length; j++)
                    {
                        int idx = queueIdx - 1 - j + __memoryRegression.Length;
                        idx %= __memoryRegression.Length;

                        if (j >= Ticks) // not progressed this far yet
                            outputThreshold += last * last * __memoryRegression[j];
                        else
                        {
                            outputThreshold += __potentialsQueues[i, idx] * __potentialsQueues[i, idx] * __memoryRegression[j];
                            last = __potentialsQueues[i, idx];
                        }
                    }
                    outputThreshold *= 1 / __slidingThreshold;

                    /*
                    if (i == 50)
                        System.Diagnostics.Debug.WriteLine(String.Format("{0} - {1}", __intermediaryPotentials[i], outputThreshold)); */

                    // update weights
                    for (int j = 0; j < __neuronCount; j++)
                    {
                        if ((i == j) || double.IsNaN(__weights[j, i])) continue;
                     
                        double delta = __intermediaryPotentials[i] * (__intermediaryPotentials[i] - outputThreshold);

                        delta *= __potentials[j];                       
                        delta *= __activationDerivative(__intermediaryPotentials[i]); // Intrator and Cooper
                        /*
                        if(0 != outputThreshold)
                            delta /= outputThreshold; // Law and Cooper */
                        delta *= __inertia; 
                        System.Diagnostics.Debug.Assert(!double.IsNaN(delta));
                        System.Diagnostics.Debug.Assert(!double.IsInfinity(delta));
                        __weights[j, i] += delta;

                        /*
                        // additional constraint: connections preserve their exc/inh status
                         * NOT A GOOD IDEA - network wide inhibition needs to be implemented as a process which does not influece calculus
                        if (__weights[j, i] < 0)
                        {
                            __weights[j, i] -= delta;
                            if (__weights[j, i] > 0)
                                __weights[j, i] = -double.Epsilon;
                        }
                        else
                        {
                            __weights[j, i] += delta;
                            if (__weights[j, i] < 0)
                                __weights[j, i] = double.Epsilon;
                        } */
                    }
                }


                // update potentials and queues
                for (int i = 0; i < __neuronCount; i++)
                {
                    __potentials[i] = __intermediaryPotentials[i];
                    __potentialsQueues[i, queueIdx] = __potentials[i];
                }


                NormalizeWeights(2.0);
            }

            base.Propagate();
        }
      
        #endregion

       
    }
    #endregion

    #region Factories
    public class BCMFactory
    {
        static int __uid = 0;
        public static TraceableNetwork BuildSyncSigmoidActivationNetwork(int nodesCount)
        {
            return new SynchronousBCMNetwork(
                nodesCount,
                x => 1.0 / (1 + Math.Exp(-x)), // threshold function
                x => { double e = Math.Exp(-x); return e / ((1.0 + e) * (1.0 + e)); }, // derivative of the threshold
                __uid++); // memory regression parameter
        }

        public static TraceableNetwork BuildSyncSigmoidActivationNetworkSparse(int nodesCount, Func<int, int, bool> weightExistenceFunction)
        {
            SynchronousBCMNetwork toRet = new SynchronousBCMNetwork(
                nodesCount,
                x => 1.0 / (1 + Math.Exp(-x)), // threshold function
                x => { double e = Math.Exp(-x); return e / ((1.0 + e) * (1.0 + e)); }, // derivative of the threshold
                __uid++);
            
            for (int i = 0; i < nodesCount; i++)
                for (int j = 0; j < nodesCount; j++)
                    if (!weightExistenceFunction(i, j))
                        toRet[i, j] = double.NaN;

            return toRet;
        }

        public static TraceableNetwork Reduce(TraceableNetwork toReduce, Func<int, int, bool> weightExistenceFunction)
        {
            for (int i = 0; i < toReduce.Count; i++)
                for (int j = 0; j < toReduce.Count; j++)
                    if (!weightExistenceFunction(i, j))
                        toReduce[i, j] = double.NaN;
            return toReduce;
        }

        
        public static TraceableNetwork BuildSyncSigmoidActivationNetwork2(int nodesCount)
        {
            return new SynchronousBCMNetwork(
                nodesCount,
                x => 2.0 / (1 - Math.Exp(-2*x)) - 1.0, // threshold function
                x => { double e = Math.Exp(-2*x); return 4.0* e / ((1 + e) * (1 + e)); }, // derivative of the threshold
                __uid++
               ); // memory regression parameter
        }

        public static TraceableNetwork BuildOja(int nodesCount)
        {
            return new SynchronousOjaNetwork(nodesCount,
                __uid++);
        }

        public static TraceableNetwork BuildModel01(int nodesCount)
        {
            return new Model01(nodesCount,
                __uid++);
        }

        /*
        public static TraceableNetwork BuildSyncLinearActivationNetwork(int nodesCount, double slidingThreshold)
        {
            return new SynchronousBCMNetwork(
                nodesCount,
                x => x,
                x => 1.0,
                __uid++,
                x => Math.Exp(x / slidingThreshold),
                slidingThreshold);
        } */
    }
    #endregion
}